Fluid-pressure engine.



No, 874,823. PATENTED DEG. 24, 1907. I. E. BARRIGKLOW.l FLUID PRESSURE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

I. E. BARRI'CKLOW.

PATENTBD 13mm, 19077..

E N I G N E E R U S S E R P D I U APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1906.

SHEETS-SHEET z.

INVENTOR.

WTNESSES! ATTORNEY.'

7. w /w .u w W 4 2 n m @n 0. E T E H E R. D H Va m D N T n 1J @A M Y M B UNM: E-l-lllllllllllll-E .IN i WG?. UNA LEM MBA IRD RUB RSM ANP BRM DLI ,E T A Lmw o0 UL LW... :i FA I.

FLJ'D-PRESSURE ENGINE.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

retained nec. se, iso?.

Application liled August- 17; 1906. Serial No. 331x006.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, Invni E. BAnRronLow, a citizen of the United States, residing at Antioch, in the county of Contra Costa and State of California, have invented neuT and useful improvements in Fluid-Pressure En gines, of which the following is a specilication.

iiuid pressure engine, and is particularly adapted to be driven by the combustion or explosion of iiuid fuel and the direct pressure oi the gas created thereby, although it may also be driven by steam pressure, the part of the engine used for the combustion of the fuel being in that case omitted.

The object of the invention is to provide a motor of this character which will be cheap in construction, occupy little space in pro-- portion to the power generated, which on account of its simplicity oi' construction cannot easily got out of order, which can be worked at a high temperature Without injurious results', and which can be readily reversed, even at full speed.

- A further object oirti. e invention is to provide an apparatus of this character which,

althou li onerated Generali f lo f means of shown at 7, thus iorniing a reservon gasolei'ie or toher illuid iuei, can be started like a steam engine by merely operating a valve or the like, and does not require to be given a number oi' revolutions by bandes in the ordinary gasolene motor. V

Another object is to provide one inwliich the power shall be generated in the proportion as it is expended in doing the Work. l

in the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal section, part being shown in side elevation, oi my improved engine; Fig. 2 is`anend View, part broken away; Fig. 3 is a detail broken side view` oi the pump; Fig. 4 is a detail broken side view oi' the sparking mechanism; lFig. 5 is a longitudinal section, part being` shown in side olevation, of the explosion chamber; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of said cylinder; Fig. 7 is a broken cross section of the explosion cylinder proper; Fig. 8 is a broken ond view ol the same; Fig. 9 is a broken plan View of the same.

ln the accompanying drawing, l indicates a suitable base with a concave upper side 2 to which is bolted, as shown at 3, the shell Li of the cylinder, having heads 5 bolted thereto, as shown at (l. Said base is hollow, to con- This invention relates to an improvedy ,l tain the pressure iluid ooniing from the e3;-

plosion chamber and from which it is supplied to the Working cylinder.

` The explosion chamber-is arranged adje cent to the base, the cylindrical body 8 thereof being connected to said base by ineens of the heads 9, which are bolted to said body by the bolts 10 and also to the said base by the bolts li. Each head ot chamber has formed therein leading from the interior of the explosion cylinder to the hollow base. Within said explosion' chamber reeiprocates a piston 13, which can abut alternately against hollow cylindrical. valves i4, which slide in valveivays 15 'formed in the heads of the explosion chamber. lneading to said valves le are conduits 1G connected by pipes 17 with a common pipe 18 leading from a compressed air reservoir,- not shown. Said conduits being opened in turn, compressed lair is thereby admitted alternately to the opposite sides of the piston in the explosion chamber. At the saine time the fluid fuel is carried with the compressed air into said chamber, and for this purpose with each conduit i6 is connected a small ,conduit i9 leading from the face oi a boss 20 formed upon the head of the eziplosiou chamber. Against said boss is bolted a T-sliapedipurn casing 2l having therein a pair of checli valves 22, 23, both opening the same Way, the check valve 22 permitting discharge into said small conduit '19, and the cheek vaive 23 permitting discharge into said casing from a pipe 24. Both of said pipes 24 are connecta conduit l2 e( With'a common pipe 25 leading 'from the supoly of oil or other fluid fuel.

The main or central portion or" each i shaped casing forms a puni cylinder, which Works a double ended p unger 26, one end Working in each of said cylinders. `The center oi the plunger has secured thereto an arm 27 forked at its end to pass around a threaded spindle 28, screwed at its .end into brackets or arms 29, dependin from a yoke 3G hereinafter described. 'l ls yoke reciprocates with the piston in the explosien chamber, and thereby also the arms extending therefrom, and thes'pindle 2S secured to said arms, are reciproeated. 0n said spindle are adjustably secured nuts 31.., on opposite sides of" the orlred end of the arm 2? leading `from the pump plunger, so that, in the r( 1f"rocation of the yoke, said ends in turn against said arm causing the the explosion ico pumpV piunger to reciprocate. As the piun l arms 29 by means of nuts 32.; also be screwing in or out the impact nuts 31, the length of stroke of the pump plunger can be increased or diminished according to the character of the fluid Jfuel. Thus if gas is used, amuch greater volume will be required and the pump plunger will be given a correspondingly greater length of stroke than when oil is used.

.As the pressure in front of the istondiminishes by reason of the outwar passage of the exploded gases from the `explosion chamber and from the working chamber, the compressed air and the huid fuel are forced by the pressure ci the iormerinto the explosion chamber causing the piston to advance to the opposite end of the explosion cylinder. lt there abuts against the end of the hollow cylindrical valve 14 at that end, to which valve is secured a spindle 33, which spindles extend inwards from the end of the yoke through stuffing-boxes 34,'-sothat the yoke moves with the piston. This motion, is communicated by means of said yoke to the hollow valve 14 at the rear end of the i cylinder, which the piston has just left, causing said'latter valve to advance and close the conduit 16 by which the compressed air and fluid i'uel were admitted to the cylinder, and

it is arranged that immediately after said conduit is closed, an explosion is caused by a spark, this spark being. produced in the followin manner. Upon the yoke 30 is secured by a set screw 36 a sleeve 37 having ears 38 between which is pivoted a contact block 39 having a shar edge 40 and a square-back 41, against w. 'ch presses a ilat spring 42. Said edge is adapted to contact with a contact plate 43 secured u on anvarm 44 extending from the casing. of t e cylinder and insulated therefrom, as shown at 45. In the movement of the yoke said pivoted biock is swung in contact with the plate and against the pressure of the sprin until itis released from contact with said p ate, whereb the spring, bearing upon the square back oir the contact block snaps it to its normal position thus making the quick movement necessary for sparking. The contact plata and block are connected with the two parts ofthe sparkin plug 46 in the interior of the cylinder, the insulated contact plate being connected by an insulated wire with the .insulated parto the spark plug and the lber 48 in said latter chamber.

erases ,valve 14 at that end,. thus forcing out all waste gases remaining in the head of the explosion chamber. Since the two valves 14 move in unison the valve at the other end is moved inwards .in the same direction, until at the rear of said other valve the passage 12 is opened in the other head of the explosion chamber, leading to the hollow base or reser- Avoir and thence to the working cylinder.

The products of combustion are thus forced with great pressure into said reservoir, maintaining the supply of pressure iuid therein. From said hollow base or reservoir the ases pass by an opening 47 into an annular c am- Said opening is controlled by a piston valve 49 operated'.

by a forked lever 50 attached to a collar 51 loose on the shaft 52, to the oppositesides of 'which are attached arms 53 of bell-cranks 54, the other arms of .which carry governor balls 554 said arms being ivoted at 5G on an eX- tension 57 from a col ar 58 secured upon said shaft. By this means the opening is more orless closed by said piston valve according to the speed of revolution of the shaft. shaft carries a vrunner 60 near theface of which are secured a circular series of vanes 61. 'Said vanes are connected at each end to a ring 62, each ring havingradial grooves 63 to receive the ends of the vanes, and also having at the bottom of each groove a hole 64 to receive stud 65 extending from the end oi the vane, said. stud being then riveted in the outside of the ring. @ne of the rings'is then screwed or otherwise secured to the runner near its outer edge. However, this construction is not essential as the varies may be made in one piece with the runner,-`i desired. The inner edges of said vanes extend close to the outer wall of a ring 66, o-nwhich are arranged two series of impact passages 67,y said assages of thetwo series lbeing forked obiqu'ely, but in opposite directions, and against the' inner wa. of said ring 66 isa reversing ring 68, having assages 69. adapted to register with one or t e other of the series of passages in the rin 66. Said inner ring is required to be shifts oniyra short distance to change the connection from one series of passages to the other, and this is accomplished by meansoi an arm 70 on the lower end ol a spindle 71 extending through a stuiiing boX 72, and carrying on its outer end reversing handle 73. By moving said han dlesaidfspindle can be turned so as to throw the piston sufficiently vto move the reversi" c. ring so that the passages therein conn onerseres of passages anthecuter 1 Said erases stead of with the other. Said passages may be either narrow slits or a line of holes, the latter being preferred for cheapness. The pressure fluid emerging therefrom impinges against the concave sides of the vanes, im-

. pelling the runner forwards, and expanding largely in so doing. T he pressure fluid, after doing its work, passes from the vanes into an exhaust chamber 74 from which it escapes by a passage '75. l

ln the modification shown in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, .compressed air and fluid fuel are supplied by central passages 76 and 77 to the interior of a cylindrical casing 7S forming a jacket around the explosion chamber, spaced therefrom to ermit the compressed air to pass around t e cylinder. Said compressed air passes through openings 79 formed in the heads of the ex losion cylinder into the interior of said cy inder in the same manner as before, and carries with it the fh'id fuel.` lf oil is used, the oil is allowed to drop onto the top of the explosion cylinder, and in order to asify the oil it is caused to flow over the surace of said cylinder in a tortucus path by means of walls or ribs 80 forme 1l upon the outer surface of said cylinder and extending zigzag, or alternately, from the flanged heads thereof. The oil in passingalong said tortuous path to the two sides of the cylinder is` gasified, the gas therefrom being mixed with the compressed air, and any tarry or other residue of the oil is collected in a chamber S1 at the bottom, from which it can be drawn olf from time totime by a pipe S2. rl`his jacket can readily be removed when it is desired to clean the exterior of the explosion chamber. I

I claim:

l. A uid pressure engine, comprising a generator cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, an impact cylinder, a runner therein adapted to be revolved by fluid pressure, a conduit betweenitlie two cylinders, a conduit leading to the generator cylinder for supply ing the compressed air an'd fluid fuel thereto, and a pump operated in unison with the piston for `su plying the fuel to said conduit, substantial y as described.

2. A fluid pressure engine, comprising a generator cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, an impact cylinder, a ruimer therein adapted to' be revolved by fluid. pressure, a

conduit between the vtwo cylinders, a conduitk leading to the generator cylinder for supplying the compressed air and fluid fuel thereto, a pump operated in unison with the pis ton for supplying the fuel to said conduit, and means also operate d in unison w iththe-piston for igniting said fuel, substantially as described. i

2. A fluid pressure engine fcornprising a generator cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, an impact cylinder, a runner therein adapted to be revolved by theuid pressure,

y and an operative connection a conduit leading to the latter cylinder from each end of the'forrner, means for supplying compressed 'air to each end of the generator cylinder, a conduit for fuel leading to each end of the generator cylinder, means, operated in unison with the piston,lfor igniting said fuel, and means for simultaneculy closing the compressed air inlet and opening the conduit to the impact cylinder at either` end of the cylinder, and for opening said inlet and closing said conduit at the other end, sub# stantially as described.

4. A fluid pressure engine comprising a generator chamber having a valve seat at each end, a hollow valve sliding in each seat, a yoke connecting said valves whereby the move in unison, and a piston reciprocating in said cylinder and .adapted to abut against each valve alternately, substantially as described.

5. A fluid pressure engine comprising a generator cylinder having a valve seat at each end, a valve at each end for controlling the inlet and outlet to said end, a yoke conn neeting the two valves whereby they move in unison, and a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and adapted to abutJ against said valves alternately, substantially as described.

6. A fluid pressure engine comprising a lgenerator cylinder having a valve seatat each end, a valve at each end for controlling the inlet and outlet to said end, a yoke con* nesting the two valves whereby they move in unison, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and adapted to abut against said valves alternately, a pipe for conducting the fluid fuel alternately pump for pumping the fuel to the cylinder,

between said pump andyole whereby said pum can be operated by the movement of the yoke caused by the impact of the piston on the valves, substantially as described.

7. A fluid pressure engine comprising a generator cylinder having a valve seat at each end, a valve at each end for controlling the inlet and outlet to said end, a yoke connecting the two valves whereby they move in unison, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder` and adapted to abut against said valves alternately, a` pipe fuel alternately to each end of the cylinder, a pump for pumping the fuel to the cylinder,

an operative connection between said pump and yoke whereby said yoke can be operated by the movement of the yoke caused by the impact of the piston. on the valves, and meansfor adjusting said operative connection to vary the stroke of the pump, substantially as described. I

A fluid pressure engine, Vcpmprising an explosion chamber,'an impact chamber, 'a runner therein, a conduit leading 'from the lirst chamber to the second, means for supplying explosive gases to said explosion to each end of the cylinder,

forconducting the fluid .jacket around said generetor cylinder, and p chamber and exploding them therein, ajacket around said generator cylinder, end means for causing the pressure Huid and compressed air to pass between said cylinder and jacket before entering the cylinder, to be heated thereby, substantiaiiy as described.

9. A fiuid pressure eneine, comprising enexplosion chamber, an impact chamber, e

runner therein, a conduit eading from the first chamber to the second, means for supplyin. explosive ases to said explosion cham er and exp oding them therein, a

@Meza means for causing the pressure fluid and compressed air to pass into a tortuous path 15 betweel said cylinder end jacket before entering the cylinder, to be heated thereby, substantially as described.

ln testimonjyr whereof i have hereunto set my handdn the presence of two subscribing 20 Witnesses.

i. E. BAiiRioKLoW,

' Witnesses:

W. T. Hess, FRANCIS M. WRIGHT15 

